Why is the css margin of inner element pushing down the outer element? -


i have following code. 

<!doctype html> <html> <head> <title>home</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, maximum-scale=1.0,initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" /> <style type="text/css"> #nav {display:block; width:100%; height:80px; text-align:center;             background: -webkit-gradient(linear,left top, left bottom, from(#2b2b2b), to(#111));             background: -moz-linear-gradient(center top , #2b2b2b, #111) repeat scroll 0 0 transparent;             filter: progid:dximagetransform.microsoft.gradient(startcolorstr='#2b2b2b', endcolorstr='#111111');             -ms-filter: progid:dximagetransform.microsoft.gradient(startcolorstr='#2b2b2b', endcolorstr='#111111');         }    #nav li {display:inline-block; width:19%; height:100%;} #nav li.active {background-color:#333;} #nav {display:block; width:100%; height:100%; position:relative; background:blue;} #nav span {display:block; position:absolute; bottom:0.5em; text-align:center; width:100%; font-size:0.9rem;} #nav .img {position:relative; width: 40px; height: 40px; background-color: #ccc; display:block; margin:10px auto 0 auto; padding:0;}  </style> </head> <body> <ul id="nav">     <li class="compatibilities"><a title="compatibilities"><span class="img"></span><span>compatibilities</span></a></li>     <li class="deficiencies"><a title="deficiencies"><span class="img"></span><span>deficiencies</span></a></li>     <li class="products"><a title="products"><span class="img"></span><span>products</span></a></li>     <li class="contact"><a title="contact"><span class="img"></span><span>contact</span></a></li>     <li class="about"><a title="about"><span class="img"></span><span>about</span></a></li> </ul></body> </html>

what want blue <a> elements flush against top of dark grey background. want smaller grey <span class="img"> have 10 pixel margin top of blue <a>.

but code above doesn't work way. margin of <span class="img"> pushing blue <a> down. why happen , how fix?

i'm viewing in google chrome.

that's how margin collapsing works.

you can "fix" adding padding:0.01px container element. padding small make visual difference, prevent margin collapsing.


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